Network Security¶

Network security encompasses the policies, practices, and technologies designed to protect the integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility of computer networks and data.

Key Concepts¶

Firewalls¶

Firewalls act as barriers between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks. They monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Types of Firewalls: - Packet-filtering firewalls - Stateful inspection firewalls - Application-layer firewalls - Next-generation firewalls (NGFW)

Network Segmentation¶

Network segmentation divides a computer network into smaller parts to improve security and performance.

Benefits: - Limits the spread of attacks - Reduces the attack surface - Improves network performance - Simplifies compliance

Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS)¶

IDS: Monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and alerts administrators
IPS: Monitors and can take action to prevent detected threats

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)¶

VPNs create secure, encrypted connections over less secure networks, such as the public internet.

Common VPN Protocols: - OpenVPN - IPSec - WireGuard - L2TP/IPSec

Best Practices¶

Implement defense in depth
Regularly update and patch systems
Monitor network traffic continuously
Implement the principle of least privilege
Conduct regular security assessments